Ireland ends coal use – Spain, Italy, Greece set to follow

The Moneypoint power plant stopped burning coal, marking the end of Ireland’s coal era. The last such facilities in several other countries in the European Union are operating only barely or occasionally.

Ireland has ended coal power generation. It is the eleventh coal-free country in the European Union and the 15th in Europe overall. Notably, nine countries in total never hosted coal power plants, according to the Beyond Fossil Fuels database.

Slovakia and Spain officially intend to exit coal this year, followed by Greece (2026), France and Hungary (2027) and Denmark and Italy (2028). However, the dates could be pushed forward and there is a possibility that more countries will join the group in the meantime. Several of their remaining facilities are active just sporadically – in islands or to cover winter peaks or only until the district heating systems that they supply switch to cleaner sources.

For instance, the share of coal power in Finland is minuscule.

Coal power is already uncompetitive most of the time. Moreover, when such facilities are idle, their costs rise further because of salaries and the complex logistics.

Moneypoint plant switches to backup with heavy fuel oil

The Moneypoint plant in Ireland ceased burning coal last week earlier than planned. Its operator ESB is turning the site into a renewable energy hub.

At the turn of the millennium, wind supplied just 1% of the country’s electricity. Today, it generates more than a third.

“The government’s priority now must be building a power system fit for a renewable future; one with the storage, flexibility, and grid infrastructure needed to run fully on clean, domestic renewable electricity,” said Alexandru Mustață, campaigner on coal and gas at Beyond Fossil Fuels.

Moneypoint will serve a limited backup role until 2029, burning heavy fuel oil under emergency instruction from transmission system operator EirGrid.

Subsea interconnections to enable coal phaseout completion in Spain, Italy

Spain and Italy are set to follow suit, excluding the Balearic Islands and Sardinia, respectively.

Brindisi Sud (2 GW) and Torrevaldaliga Nord (2 GW) are expected to cease regular operations in mid-2025 and are set to be placed into a strategic reserve, pending full decommissioning. Italy’s remaining coal plants, Sulcis (590 MW) and Fiume Santo (640 MW) in Sardinia, are expected to remain online until a second undersea grid cable to the mainland is completed.

Aboño (916 MW) in Spain is being converted from coal to fossil gas. Soto de Ribera (350 MW) and Los Barrios (589 MW), are barely operating. The Alcúdia plant in the island of Mallorca has two coal units of 130 MW each. Its closure depends on the construction of the archipelago’s second interconnection with the mainland.

Slovakia’s coal phaseout was extended for a short while as a smaller unit kept using what it had left in stock

Slovakian energy company Slovenské elektrárne ended production at its combined heat and power (CHP) plant Vojany (220 MW) in March of last year, which was supposed to mark the country’s coal exit. However, the Teko facility of 121 MW continued to operate with its remaining stockpiles to cover the winter season.

The Cordemais coal plant (1.2 GW) in France is designated for closure in 2027. Émile-Huchet (600 MW), the other remaining facility in the country, should be converted to gas by then.

Turkey, Germany, Poland, Slovenia, the Czech Republic, Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo* have the largest shares of coal in power production in the European Union and Southeastern Europe.