{"id":90735,"date":"2026-03-31T18:04:37","date_gmt":"2026-03-31T16:04:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/?p=90735"},"modified":"2026-03-31T18:04:37","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T16:04:37","slug":"toplotne-pumpe-pomogle-nemackoj-da-smanji-uvoz-prirodnog-gasa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/toplotne-pumpe-pomogle-nemackoj-da-smanji-uvoz-prirodnog-gasa\/","title":{"rendered":"Toplotne pumpe pomogle Nema\u010dkoj da smanji uvoz prirodnog gasa"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nove instalacije toplotnih pumpi u domac\u0301instvima u Nema\u010dkoj smanjile su vrednost uvoza te\u010dnog prirodnog gasa za 1,3 milijarde evra u poslednje tri godine, prema novom istra\u017eivanju Instituta za energetsku ekonomiju i finansijsku analizu (IEEFA).<\/h2>\n

Kori\u0161\u0107enje toplotnih pumpi je jedan od na\u010dina da se obavi elektrifikacija sektora grejanja i hla\u0111enja i tako smanji zaga\u0111enje \u017eivotne sredine i kori\u0161\u0107enje fosilnih goriva. Ali, u isto vreme i smanji uvoz energenata i pove\u0107a energetska bezbednost, \u0161to je posebno va\u017eno u\u00a0 vremenima kada fosilna goriva drasti\u010dno poskupe<\/a> zbog ratova ili drugih kriza.<\/p>\n

Nema\u010dka<\/a> je tako instalirala skoro 1,1 milion toplotnih pumpi u stanovima od 2022. do 2025. godine, od kojih su mnoge zamenile gasne kotlove.<\/p>\n

Da se to nije desilo morala bi da povec\u0301a svoj uvoz te\u010dnog prirodnog gasa (LNG) za oko 16 odsto u tri godine izme\u0111u 2023. i 2025. godine i potro\u0161i 1,3 milijarde evra, pokazala je analiza Instituta za energetsku ekonomiju i finansijsku analizu (Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis – IEEFA)<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Kriza na Bliskom istoku poziv na bu\u0111enje Nema\u010dke za elektrifikaciju<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ina\u010de, ukupan uvoz LNG-a za pomenute tri godine iznosio je 7,6 milijardu evra, dok je cevovodima uvezen „plavi energent“ u vrednosti od 59 milijardi evra, prema podacima Federalne statisti\u010dke slu\u017ebe.<\/p>\n

Potro\u0161nja gasa dostigla je vrhunac 2021. godine. Elektrifikacija i instalacija toplotnih pumpi doprinele su smanjenju potro\u0161nje gasa u domac\u0301instvima za 23 odsto izme\u0111u 2021. i 2024.<\/p>\n

Instalacije toplotnih pumpi oja\u010dale su energetsku bezbednost Nema\u010dke i smanjile njenu ranjivost na visoke i nestabilne cene LNG-a, izjavila je Ana Marija Jaler-Makarevi\u010d, vodec\u0301a energetska analiti\u010darka za Evropu u IEEFA i koautorka izve\u0161taja.<\/p>\n

Ona smatra da je kriza na Bliskom istoku najvec\u0301i poziv na bu\u0111enje Nema\u010dke za elektrifikaciju od po\u010detka rata u Ukrajini 2022. godine. Postoji zna\u010dajan potencijal, dodaje, da Nema\u010dka ubrza raspore\u0111ivanje toplotnih pumpi i dodatno smanji svoju zavisnost od uvoza gasa.<\/p>\n

\"nemacka<\/p>\n

Izve\u0161taj otkriva rastuc\u0301u zavisnost Nema\u010dke od ameri\u010dkog LNG-a, koji je najskuplji za kupce iz Evropske unije. Nema\u010dka je 2025. godine nabavljala oko 92 odsto svog uvoza LNG-a iz SAD. Olak\u0161avaju\u0107a okolnost je \u0161to je LNG \u010dinio samo deset odsto nema\u010dkog uvoza prirodnog gasa.<\/p>\n

Nema\u010dka se potencijalno suo\u010dava sa novom geopoliti\u010dkom zavisno\u0161c\u0301u visokog rizika od ameri\u010dkog LNG-a, upozorava Jaler-Makarevi\u010d.<\/p>\n

Nema\u010dka planira da instalira gasne elektrane snage 10 GW<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ako se svi trenutni sporazumi o uvozu LNG-a materijalizuju, zemlja \u0107e uvesti 26,2 milijarde kubnih metara 2030. godine, skoro tri puta vi\u0161e nego 2025. Uvoz bi 2045. trebalo da bude 10 milijardi kubnih metara. To je godina kada Nema\u010dka planira da postigne neutralnost u pogledu gasova sa efektom staklene ba\u0161te.<\/p>\n

Nema\u010dka planira da instalira gasne elektrane snage 10 GW i da ih dekarbonizuje vodonikom. Me\u0111utim, izve\u0161taj predvi\u0111a da c\u0301e elektrane na vodonik verovatno igrati manju ulogu nego \u0161to je predvi\u0111ala nema\u010dka vlada zbog njihovih visokih tro\u0161kova i niske efikasnosti.<\/p>\n

U izve\u0161taju<\/a> se navodi i da dekarbonizacija uz pomo\u0107 projekata za hvatanje i skladi\u0161tenje ugljenika (CCS), tako\u0111e, nije re\u0161enje za dekarbonizaciju elektrana na prirodni gas.<\/p>\n

Zelena energija, baterije i prenosna mre\u017ea smanjuju kori\u0161\u0107enje gasa<\/h3>\n

Ako Nema\u010dka zna\u010dajno povec\u0301a tehnologije kao \u0161to su obnovljivi izvori energije, skladi\u0161tenje energije u baterijama i prekograni\u010dnu prenosnu mre\u017eu, IEEFA procenjuje da bi zemlja potencijalno mogla da smanji ude elektri\u010dne energije proizvedene iz gasa i vodonika do 2045. godine.<\/p>\n

Taj procenat je 2025. bio 16,1 odsto, a mogao bi da bude smanjen na pet procenata.<\/p>\n

IEEFA preporu\u010duje Nema\u010dkoj da uradi sledec\u0301e:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Nastavi zamenjivanje gas obnovljivim izvorima energije, elektrifikacijom grejanja i programima energetske efikasnosti.<\/li>\n
  • Zna\u010dajno povec\u0301a prekograni\u010dne prenosne veze i upravljanje potra\u017enjom, \u0161to bi pomoglo u minimiziranju proizvodnje struje iz gasa i vodonika.<\/li>\n
  • Odustane od planova za izgradnju novih terminala za uvoz LNG-a, s obzirom na to da je vec\u0301 pro\u0161la vr\u0161nu potro\u0161nju gasa.<\/li>\n
  • Pa\u017eljivo prati investicije u gasnu infrastrukturu kako bi se spre\u010dilo nepotrebno povec\u0301anje cena gasa za potro\u0161a\u010de.<\/li>\n
  • Ne oslanja se na CCS za dekarbonizaciju gasnih elektrana.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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