{"id":87940,"date":"2025-12-17T15:40:44","date_gmt":"2025-12-17T14:40:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/?p=87940"},"modified":"2025-12-17T15:40:44","modified_gmt":"2025-12-17T14:40:44","slug":"izvestaj-sepa-prekomerno-zagadjenje-vazduha-u-2024-zabelezeno-u-osam-gradova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/izvestaj-sepa-prekomerno-zagadjenje-vazduha-u-2024-zabelezeno-u-osam-gradova\/","title":{"rendered":"Izve\u0161taj SEPA: Prekomerno zaga\u0111enje vazduha u 2024. zabele\u017eeno u osam gradova"},"content":{"rendered":"

Podaci iz Izve\u0161taja o stanju \u017eivotne sredine u Republici Srbiji za 2024. godinu, kojeg je objavila Agencija za za\u0161titu \u017eivotne sredine, pokazuju da je kvalitet vazduha u osam gradova svrstan u tre\u0107u kategoriju \u2013 prekomerno zaga\u0111en. Bor odska\u010de: u suspendovanim \u010desticama tipa PM10 su zabele\u017eene povi\u0161ene koncentracije te\u0161kih metala, uklju\u010duju\u0107i arsen i kadmijum. Ovi podaci se zasnivaju na merenjima sa 106 dr\u017eavnih i lokalnih mernih stanica \u0161irom zemlje. Poseban godi\u0161nji izve\u0161taj o kvalitetu vazduha za 2024. godinu jo\u0161 nije objavljen.<\/h2>\n

Agencija za za\u0161titu \u017eivotne sredine (SEPA) utvr\u0111uje stanje kvaliteta vazduha u Srbiji na osnovu podataka sa dr\u017eavnih i lokalnih mernih stanica. Procena kvaliteta vazduha za 2024. je ra\u0111ena na osnovu merenja prisustva sumpor-dioksida, azot-dioksida, ugljen-monoksida, benzena, mikroskopske pra\u0161ine tipa PM10 i PM2.5, kao i sadr\u017eine te\u0161kih metala u \u010desticama PM10. Podaci obuhvataju 106 mernih mesta.<\/p>\n

Zakonski propisana godi\u0161nja grani\u010dna vrednost za suspendovane \u010destice PM10 iznosi 40 mikrometara po kubnom metru vazduha, a u 2024. godini bila je prekora\u010dena na 18 odsto mernih mesta. Na lokacijama gde je procenat validnih podataka iznosio najmanje 90 odsto, prekora\u010denja su zabele\u017eena u Popovcu, Zaje\u010daru, Valjevu<\/a>, Novom Pazaru, Beogradu, \u0160apcu, Smederevu, U\u017eicu, Loznici, Kru\u0161evcu, Kosjeri\u0107u i Kraljevu.<\/p>\n

\n

Broj dozvoljenih dana sa koncentracija PM10 ve\u0107im od 50 mikrograma prekora\u010den je na 80 odsto mernih stanica<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Pored toga, zakon propisuje da koncentracija PM10 \u010destica ne sme da prelazi 50 mikrograma vi\u0161e od 35 dana godi\u0161nje po mernom mestu, ali je u 2024. godini ovaj limit bio prema\u0161en na \u010dak 80 odsto mernih mesta. Najve\u0107i broj dana zabele\u017een je u Popovcu (173), Valjevu (146), na Novom Beogradu (135), u Le\u0161tanima (132), Novom Pazaru (129), Radincu u Smederevu (128), Zaje\u010daru (127) i U\u017eicu (115).<\/p>\n

Kada je re\u010d o sitnijim suspendovanim \u010desticama, PM2.5, \u010dija je godi\u0161nja grani\u010dna vrednost 25 mikrograma po kubnom metru, merenja su pokazala da su koncentracije u 2024. godini iznosile izme\u0111u 12 i 39 mikrograma. Najni\u017ea srednja godi\u0161nja vrednost zabele\u017eena je u Novom Sadu (12), dok je najvi\u0161a registrovana u Novom Pazaru (39 mikrograma). Godi\u0161nja grani\u010dna vrednost za PM2.5 bila je prema\u0161ena u Ni\u0161u, Valjevu, U\u017eicu, Kraljevu, Smederevu, Kru\u0161evcu i vi\u0161e delova Beograda, uklju\u010duju\u0107i Le\u0161tane i Lazarevac.<\/p>\n

Zbog prekora\u010denja koncentracija PM10 i PM2.5, vazduh se u Novom Pazaru, Ni\u0161u, Valjevu, Kosjeri\u0107u, U\u017eicu, Kraljevu, Smederevu i Kru\u0161evcu u 2024. godini na\u0161ao u tre\u0107oj kategoriji, odnosno bio je prekomerno zaga\u0111en<\/a>. Do dono\u0161enja novog Zakona o za\u0161titi vazduha<\/a> ove godine, kvalitet u Srbiji se svrstavao u tri kategorije: \u010dist ili neznatno zaga\u0111en, umereno zaga\u0111en i prekomerno zaga\u0111en vazduh. Ukinuta je srednja kategorija, odnosno kategorija umereno zaga\u0111enog vazduha.<\/p>\n

\"kvalitet<\/p>\n

Vazduh u Boru je bio prekomerno zaga\u0111en zbog prekora\u010denja grani\u010dnih vrednosti suspendovanih \u010destica PM10 i dnevnih koncentracija olova u njima. Istovremeno, godi\u0161nje koncentracije arsena i kadmijuma bile su iznad ciljanih vrednosti.<\/p>\n

Tokom 2024. godine, koncentracije sumpor-dioksida i benzena nisu uslovile prekomerno zaga\u0111enje vazduha ni na jednom mernom mestu, pi\u0161e u izve\u0161taju.<\/p>\n

Samo u Beogradu prekora\u010dene dozvoljene vrednosti azot-dioksida<\/h3>\n

Sabra\u0107aj je glavni izvor azot-dioksida. Tako\u0111e, javlja se kao proizvod sagorevanja u toplanama i termoelektranama. Pro\u0161le godine je samo u Beogradu prekora\u010dena godi\u0161nja grani\u010dna vrednost NO2 od 40 mikrograma po metru kubnom vazduha.<\/p>\n

Prema zakonskoj regulativi, tokom godine nije dozvoljen nijedan dan sa prekora\u010denjem dnevne grani\u010dne vrednosti, 85 mikrograma po kubiku. Ipak, dnevno prekora\u010denje je zabele\u017eeno na mernim mestima Beograd Despota Stefana GZZJZ (pet dana), Beograd KCS Vra\u010dar (dva dana) i Beograd Mostar (jedan dan)<\/p>\n

U izve\u0161taju se navodi da ugljen-monoksid, koji se osloba\u0111a prilikom nepotpunog sagorevanja fosilnih goriva, drveta i kao deo izduvnih gasova drumskih vozila, ne doprinosi zaga\u0111enju vazduha u Srbiji. Ni na jednom mernom mestu nisu izmerena prekora\u010denja dozvoljenih koncentracija.<\/p>\n

Te\u0161ki metali u vazduhu Bora<\/h3>\n

Te\u0161ki metali<\/a> u suspendovanim \u010desticama PM10: arsen, kadmijum, nikl i olovo, uglavnom poti\u010du od sagorevanja fosilnih goriva, metalur\u0161ke industrije, kao i habanja guma i ko\u010dnica u saobra\u0107aju. Svi ovi metali su toksi\u010dni i kancerogeni, zbog \u010dega se njihove koncentracije posebno prate.<\/p>\n

Najve\u0107e optere\u0107enje te\u0161kim metalima zabele\u017eeno je u Boru. Srednje godi\u0161nje koncentracije arsena vi\u0161estruko su prema\u0161ile maksimalnu ciljnu vrednost od \u0161est nanograma po kubnom metru na mernim mestima Jugopetrol (42) i Gradski park, (24 nanograma). Blago prekora\u010denje, sedam nanograma po kubnom metru, zabele\u017eeno je na mernom mestu Beograd Lazarevac.<\/p>\n

Najvi\u0161i dozvoljeni nivo kadmijuma, pet nanograma po kubiku, prekora\u010den je na ista dva merna mesta, u Boru: Jugopetrol (20) i Gradski park (10 nanograma).<\/p>\n

Kada je re\u010d o olovu, godi\u0161nja grani\u010dna vrednost od 500 nanograma po kubnom metru vazduha nije prema\u0161ena, ali jeste dnevna grani\u010dna vrednost od hiljadu nanograma, i to 14 puta na mernom mestu Bor Jugopetrol i sedam puta u Gradskom parku, uz maksimalne dnevne koncentracije koje su dostizale i gotovo tri puta vi\u0161e od dozvoljenih.<\/p>\n

Ciljna vrednost nikla od 20 nanograma po kubnom metru nije prekora\u010dena ni na jednom mernom mestu u Srbiji, dok su van Bora koncentracije te\u0161kih metala uglavnom ostale niske i ispod propisanih granica.<\/p>\n

Visoke koncentracije ozona zabele\u017eene u mestima sa intenzivnim saobra\u0107ajem<\/h3>\n

Prizemni ozon je sekundarna zaga\u0111uju\u0107a materija. Ne emituje se direktno, ve\u0107 nastaje u vazduhu pod dejstvom sun\u010devog zra\u010denja, kada azotni oksidi (NOx) i isparljiva organska jedinjenja (VOC), poreklom iz saobra\u0107aja, energetike i industrije, reaguju me\u0111usobno.<\/p>\n

Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e se javlja tokom leta, naro\u010dito u gradovima sa intenzivnim saobra\u0107ajem i na vi\u0161im nadmorskim visinama, jer njegovo formiranje zavisi od temperature, sun\u010devog zra\u010denja i stabilnosti atmosfere. Povi\u0161ene koncentracije imaju \u0161tetne efekte po zdravlje ljudi i ekosisteme.<\/p>\n

Maksimalne dnevne osmo\u010dasovne koncentracije, 120 mikrograma po kubiku, \u010dije je prekora\u010denje dozvoljeno najvi\u0161e 25 dana godi\u0161nje, vi\u0161estruko su prema\u0161ena na brojnim mernim mestima. Posebno u Vojvodini, Beogradu i na visinskim stanicama. Najve\u0107i broj dana zabele\u017een je u Novom Sadu (98), Deliblatskoj pe\u0161\u010dari (80), kao i u Beogradu i na Kopaoniku, gde je registrovano po vi\u0161e od 60 takvih dana.<\/p>\n

Koncentracije prizemnog ozona iznad 180 mikrograma po kubnom metru, pri kojima je predvi\u0111eno obave\u0161tavanje javnosti o pove\u0107anom riziku po zdravlje, registrovane su na vi\u0161e mernih mesta tokom letnjeg perioda. Sa druge strane, prag za izdavanje upozorenja javnosti, definisan kao koncentracija iznad 240 mikrograma u trajanju od tri uzastopna sata, nije bio prekora\u010den ni na jednoj stanici.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Izve\u0161taj za 2024. pokazuje prekomerno zaga\u0111enje vazduha u osam gradova Srbije, \u010desta prekora\u010denja PM10 i PM2.5, te ozbiljan problem te\u0161kih metala u Boru.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":88016,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[3292,1231,7201,6713,1757,5285,2467,2598,5942,910],"class_list":["post-87940","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zivotna-sredina","tag-aerozagadenje","tag-kvalitet-vazduha","tag-ozon","tag-pm-cestice","tag-pm10","tag-pm2-5","tag-saobracaj","tag-so2","tag-suspendovane-cestice","tag-zagadenje-vazduha","country-srbija"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIzve\u0161taj SEPA: Prekomerno 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