{"id":87524,"date":"2025-12-05T23:13:54","date_gmt":"2025-12-05T22:13:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/?p=87524"},"modified":"2025-12-08T14:57:05","modified_gmt":"2025-12-08T13:57:05","slug":"glavni-industrijski-zagadjivaci-u-srbiji-zagadjuju-vazduh-vodu-i-zemlju-bez-kontrole","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/glavni-industrijski-zagadjivaci-u-srbiji-zagadjuju-vazduh-vodu-i-zemlju-bez-kontrole\/","title":{"rendered":"Glavni industrijski zaga\u0111iva\u010di u Srbiji zaga\u0111uju vazduh, vodu i zemlju bez kontrole"},"content":{"rendered":"

Oko 150 firmi, za koje se mo\u017ee re\u0107i da su potencijalno veliki zaga\u0111iva\u010di vode, vazduha i zemlji\u0161ta, nije pribavilo integrisanu dozvolu do 31. decembra 2024. godine, \u0161to zna\u010di da kr\u0161e Zakon o integrisanom spre\u010davanju i kontroli zaga\u0111ivanja \u017eivotne sredine, a \u0161to je jo\u0161 va\u017enije niko ne kontroli\u0161e koliko zaga\u0111uju \u017eivotnu sredinu, pokazala je Analiza Polaznih osnova Nacrta zakona o integrisanom spre\u010davanju i kontroli zaga\u0111ivanja \u017eivotne sredine, koju je objavio\u00a0 Regulatorni institut za obnovljivu energiju i \u017eivotnu sredinu (RERI).<\/h2>\n

Obavezu pribavljanja integrisane dozvole<\/a> ima oko 220 operatera za svoja industrijska i intenzivna poljoprivredna postrojenja, kao \u0161to su elektrane, rafinerije, velika hemijska i metalska postrojenja, te odre\u0111ene farme.<\/p>\n

Me\u0111u kompanijama koje nisu ispunile svoju zakonsku obavezu i blagovremeno pribavile integrisanu dozvolu su, kako se navodi u Analizi Polaznih osnova Nacrta zakona o integrisanom spre\u010davanju i kontroli zaga\u0111ivanja \u017eivotne sredine, i velike i profitabilne firme kao \u0161to su Elektroprivreda Srbije (EPS) i Serbia Zijin Copper.<\/p>\n

Treba re\u0107i da se Zakon o integrisanom spre\u010davanju i kontroli zaga\u0111ivanja \u017eivotne sredine primenjuje od 2004. godine sa ciljem sprovo\u0111enja integrisane prevencije i kontrole zaga\u0111enja, kao i transpozicije Direktive o industrijskim emisijama (IED) Evropske unije.<\/p>\n

Nedavno je objavljen Nacrt novog zakona<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Rok za dobijanje integrisanih dozvola prvo je bio kraj 2020, ali je onda pomeren na kraj 2024. Polazne osnove za novi propisa su objavljene u februaru, a nedavno je objavljen i Nacrt zakona<\/a>, pa je sada u toku javne konsulatacije<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Mirko Popovi\u0107, programski direktor RERI-ja, naglasio je da bi gra\u0111ani trebalo da znaju da postoje veliki zaga\u0111iva\u010di, koji su najprofitabilnije i najbogatije firme u Srbiji.<\/p>\n

One su, kako je dodao, po\u0161te\u0111ene od primene Zakona, a na \u0161tetu gra\u0111ana zato \u0161to zaga\u0111uju \u017eivotnu sredinu – vazduh, vodu, zemlji\u0161te.<\/p>\n

Popovi\u0107: \u017delimo da za\u0161titimo zdravlje, imovinu i prava ljudi<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Gra\u0111ani, kako je nastavio, bi trebalo da znaju da kada EPS emituje 300.000 tona sumpor-dioksida (SO2), da to ode u amtmosferu, onda se pretvori jednim delom u sitne \u010destice koje zaga\u0111uju vazduh, koje ulaze u plu\u0107a. Jednim delom u kisele ki\u0161e koje padaju na zemlji\u0161te, \u0161to \u010dini poljoprivredno zemlji\u0161te manje kvalitetnim.<\/p>\n

„Gra\u0111ani su du\u017eni da pla\u0107aju porez, da se pridr\u017eavaju zakona, a ovi zaga\u0111iva\u010di nisu“, poru\u010dio je Popovi\u0107.<\/p>\n

On je, tako\u0111e, naglasio da bi gra\u0111ani trebalo da znaju da RERI, nevladin sektor, koji se bave ovim problemima, ne \u017eele da ukinu radna mesta, zatvore fabrike, spre\u010de razvoj. „Mi \u017eelimo da za\u0161titimo zdravlje, imovinu i prava ljudi“, naglasio je on.<\/p>\n

Mini\u0107: Zaga\u0111enje dugoro\u010dno smanjuje privredni rast<\/h3>\n

\"srbija<\/p>\n

Kada firma ima integrisanu dozvolu, to zna\u010di da je u obavezi da primenjuje Najbolje dostupne tehnike (Best available techniques – BAT) i da se njen rad nadzire radi sveobuhvatnog smanjenja zaga\u0111enja vazduha, vode, zemlji\u0161ta, uz po\u0161tovanje strogih grani\u010dnih vrednosti emisija.<\/p>\n

Kada firma nema integrisanu dozvolu, onda je okolina izlo\u017eena ve\u0107em, nekontrolisanom zaga\u0111enju, budu\u0107i da se na nju ne primenjuje Zakon.<\/p>\n

Stroge grani\u010dne vrednosti emisija su zakonski definisani maksimalni nivoi zaga\u0111uju\u0107ih supstanci, kao \u0161to su te\u0161ki metali, sumpor dioksid, azotni oksidi (NOx), koje postrojenje sme da emituje u vazduh, vodu ili zemlji\u0161te.<\/p>\n

Zaga\u0111enost ima negativan uticaj i na BDP<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ukratko, strogo zna\u010di da se mora dosti\u0107i visok nivo performansi u smanjenju zaga\u0111enja, koji je odre\u0111en primenom najbolje raspolo\u017eive tehnologije.<\/p>\n

Slobodan Mini\u0107, iz Fiskalnog saveta, smatra da o\u010digledno sve u vezi sa Zakonom po\u010diva na paradigmi da ulaganje u najbolje dostupne tehnike, u tehnologije koje minimalizuju \u0161tetnost za \u017eivotnu sredinu i zdravlje ljudi, pove\u0107ava tro\u0161kove i usporavaju rast.<\/p>\n

„Me\u0111utim, to je ve\u0107 prevazi\u0111eno u svetu barem deceniju jer kako su postali dostupni podaci o zaga\u0111enosti vazduha i \u017eivotne sredine sve vi\u0161e se istra\u017euju veze i kako to uti\u010de na zdravlje. Javnost u Srbiji sada dobro zna kakv je to u ticaj, izme\u0111u 10.000 i 15.000 prevremenih smrti godi\u0161nje i sli\u010dno, ali ono \u0161to ekonomska literatura nudi, mi znamo da zaga\u0111enost ima negativan uticaj i na BDP“, naveo je on.<\/p>\n

Moramo da razmi\u0161ljamo da ovo nije tro\u0161ak, nego investicija<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Studija OECD-a, kako je dodao, pokazuje da pove\u0107anje prose\u010dne koncentracije PM2.5 za jedan mikrogram smanjuje BDP-u u toj godini za 0,98%.<\/p>\n

„Ako ho\u0107emo da iza\u0111emo iz ovog za\u010daranog kruga, mi moramo da razmi\u0161ljamo da ovo nije tro\u0161ak, nego investicija, ne samo u proizvodni kapacitet, koji je efikasniji, nego i u ljudski kapacitet i na taj na\u010din se doprinosi privrednom rastu, a ne ko\u010di ga. U suprotnom dugoro\u010dno \u0107e dru\u0161tvo i ekonomija da pate“, zaklju\u010dio je Mini\u0107.<\/p>\n

Vojvodi\u0107: Polazne osnove ne obe\u0107avaju promene u novom zakonu<\/h3>\n

\"srbija<\/p>\n

Javne konsultacije po\u010dele su 27. novembra i traju do 15. decembra.<\/p>\n

Hristina Vojvodi\u0107, pravna savetnica u RERI-ju, naglasila je da je problem \u0161to se su\u0161tinski ne re\u0161avaju pitanja. Polazne osnove su, smatra, morale da identifikuju problem, da se vidi \u0161ta je pokazalo 20 godina iskustva. Nije dobro, kako je navela, to \u0161to su Polazne osnove formulisane bez u\u010de\u0161\u0107a Radne grupe.<\/p>\n

„To je signal, ne samo javnosti, ve\u0107 i stru\u010dnoj javnosti i onima koji su u\u0161li u tu Radnu grupu da ih ne zanima koji su identifikovani problemi. Formalni proces dono\u0161enja odluka nije onakav kakav bi trebalo da bude“, uverena je Vojvodi\u0107.<\/p>\n

Kako bi doprineo unapre\u0111enju sprovo\u0111enja mera smanjenja industrijskog zaga\u0111enja RERI objavljuje izve\u0161taje o primeni Zakona o integrisanom spre\u010davanju i kontroli zaga\u0111ivanja \u017eivotne sredine sa preporukama za unapre\u0111enje sprovo\u0111enja propisa i sankcionisanje zaga\u0111iva\u010da.<\/p>\n

U pripremi poslednje Analize<\/a>, kako ka\u017eu u RERI-ju, istra\u017eiva\u010dki rad je prevazi\u0161ao okvire analize Polaznih osnova, pa su se odlu\u010dili da analizu pro\u0161ire i na probleme u primeni Zakona i ponude re\u0161enja zasnovana na argumentima i \u010dinjenicama.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Obavezu pribavljanja integrisane dozvole nije ispunilo oko 150 firmi. 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