{"id":65098,"date":"2023-12-15T20:23:12","date_gmt":"2023-12-15T19:23:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/?p=65098"},"modified":"2023-12-16T01:30:43","modified_gmt":"2023-12-16T00:30:43","slug":"zakljucak-sa-cop28-fosilnim-gorivima-odzvonilo-ali-ce-se-i-dalje-koristiti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/zakljucak-sa-cop28-fosilnim-gorivima-odzvonilo-ali-ce-se-i-dalje-koristiti\/","title":{"rendered":"Zaklju\u010dak sa COP28: Fosilnim gorivima odzvonilo, ali \u0107e se i dalje koristiti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Predstavnici skoro svih dr\u017eava sveta su na konferenciji COP28 dogovorili globalni sporazum s pozivom za prelazak sa fosilnih goriva na \u010distije izvore energije. Dokument je odmah progla\u0161en istorijskim jer nagove\u0161tava kona\u010dni kraj upotrebe fosilnih goriva. Klimatski aktivisti isti\u010du da je to va\u017ean korak, ali da sam dokument sadr\u017ei i brojne zabrinjavaju\u0107e formulacije, dok ubla\u017eena terminologija o energetskoj tranziciji omogu\u0107ava dr\u017eavama da nastave da koriste fosilna goriva kao i do sada.<\/h2>\n

Dve nedelje pregovora u Dubaiju na Konferenciji Ujedinjenih nacija o klimatskim promenama COP28 rezultirale su Konsenzusom iz UAE, globalnim dogovorom u kojem je poziv na postepeni prelazak sa fosilnih goriva ka obnovljivim izvorima energije, na pravi\u010dan i ure\u0111en na\u010din. Cilj je da se neto emisije gasova s efektom staklene ba\u0161te najkasnije do 2050. obore na nulu, a globalno zagrevanje do kraja veka zaustavi ispod granice od 1,5 stepeni Celzijusa.<\/p>\n

Prvi put, jo\u0161 od prve konferencije u Berlinu 1995, fosilna goriva su u fokusu zavr\u0161nog teksta globalne konferencije o klimi. Ugalj, nafta i gas se pominju kao energenti koje treba zameniti energijom iz \u010distijih izvora. Predstavnici fosilne industrije i Organizacije zemalja izvoznica nafte (OPEC) su lobirali da se to ne dogodi, ali je konferencija produ\u017eena 36 sati radi dogovora po tom, klju\u010dnom pitanju.<\/p>\n

Prvi put na jednom COP-u fosilna goriva su eksplicitno navedena kao energenti koje treba zameniti<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Dokument je ve\u0107 na konferenciji progla\u0161en istorijskim zbog nagove\u0161taja kona\u010dnog kraja upotrebe uglja, nafte i gasa. Ovo je po\u010detak kraja ere fosilnih goriva, istakli su u UN-u.<\/p>\n

Kako navode klimatski aktivisti, to je va\u017ean korak u dobrom smeru, ali sam zavr\u0161ni dokument sadr\u017ei i brojne zabrinjavaju\u0107e formulacije.<\/p>\n

Ubla\u017eena terminologija ostavlja prostor za dalju upotrebu fosilnih goriva<\/h3>\n

U zavr\u0161nom dokumentu se ipak ne pominje postepeno odbacivanje (phaseout)<\/em> fosilnih goriva, ve\u0107 se pominje postepeni prelazak sa (transition away from)<\/em> njih ka \u010distijim izvorima.<\/p>\n

U kona\u010dnoj verziji konsenzusa<\/a> utvr\u0111ena je ova terminolo\u0161ka finesa. Dogovor poziva \u010dlanice UN-a na tranziciju, odnosno postepeni prelazak sa fosilnih goriva, ali ih ne obavezuje na prestanak upotrebe fosilnih goriva.<\/p>\n

Ubla\u017eeni ton sporazuma ostavlja prostor mnogim dr\u017eavama da energetsku tranziciju ka obnovljivim izvorima prilagode svojim potrebama i tempu<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Kako isti\u010du klimatski aktivisti i druge zainteresovane strane, takav ubla\u017eeni ton i terminologija ostavljaju prostor mnogim dr\u017eavama \u010dija se ekonomija oslanja na fosilna goriva da tranziciju ka obnovljivim izvorima energije protuma\u010de i prilagode svojim potrebama i tempu koji im odgovara. Bez oznake hitnosti.<\/p>\n

Ovo nije istorijski dogovor kakav je potreban svetu<\/h3>\n

Greenpeace je saop\u0161tio da sporazum koji je postignut u Dubaiju nije istorijski dogovor kakav je potreban svetu. Ima puno rupa i nedostataka, ali je „najbitnije i najhitnije“ da se zaustave svi planovi pro\u0161irenja fosilne infrastrukture, koja gura planetu preko granice od 1,5 stepeni Celzijusa, istakli su u ovoj organizaciji.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Grupe civilnog dru\u0161tva, nevladine organizacije i lokalne organizacije mar\u0161iraju za klimatsku pravdu i ljudska prava tokom Globalnog dana akcije u okviru Konferencije Ujedinjenih nacija o klimatskim promenama COP28 u Dubaiju u UAE. \/ foto: Greenpeace CEE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Greenpeace navodi da novi sporazum ne predvi\u0111a dovoljno sredstava da se klimatski ciljevi postignu na pravedan i brz na\u010din. U tekstu sporazuma se ne pominje \u201cpostepeno odbacivanje\u201d fosilnih goriva. A to je ono \u0161to nauka zahteva i \u0161to bi moglo da omogu\u0107i pravednu i odr\u017eivu tranziciju sa fosilnih goriva, u skladu sa ciljem da se globalno zagrevanje ograni\u010di na 1,5 stepeni Celzijusa do kraja veka, ukazuju aktivisti.<\/p>\n

Komentari\u0161u\u0107i kona\u010dni ishod COP28, Kaisa Kosonen iz Greenpeace Internationala (GPI) izjavila je: „Ono od \u010dega je fosilna industrija strahovala se dogodilo – kraj ere fosilnih goriva i poziv na masovno \u0161irenje obnovljivih izvora energije i energetske efikasnosti u ovoj deceniji.“<\/p>\n

Kosonen: Ono od \u010dega je fosilna industrija strahovala se dogodilo<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Da bi se ciljevi sporazuma ostvarili, bogate zemlje \u0107e morati zna\u010dajno pove\u0107ati finansijsku podr\u0161ku i naterati zaga\u0111iva\u010de i industriju fosilnih goriva da po\u010dne da pla\u0107a za \u0161tetu koje je prouzrokovala, poru\u010duje Greepeace.<\/p>\n

Organizacija napominje da postignuti sporazum tako\u0111e poziva da se do 2030. utrostru\u010de kapaciteti obnovljive energije i udvostru\u010de stope rasta energetske efikasnosti. Tako\u0111e, da je tokom pregovora u Dubaiju istaknuto da cene energenata iz obnovljivih izvora padaju velikom brzinom.<\/p>\n

Pariski sporazum umalo pao zbog gre\u0161ke u prevodu – \u0111avo je u detaljima<\/h3>\n

Prilikom usagla\u0161avanja zavr\u0161ne verzije Pariskog sporazuma, postojala je tako\u0111e odre\u0111ena terminolo\u0161ka napetost, koja se ogledala u nijansama engleskog jezika. Dodu\u0161e, manje o\u010digledna od aktuelne.<\/p>\n

U prevodu sa francuskog na engleski, zbog navodne tehni\u010dke gre\u0161ke, shall<\/em> se umalo pretvorilo u should<\/em>. I to delu sporazuma koji se odnosio na to da \u0107e razvijene zemlje preuzeti vo\u0111stvo u smanjenju emisija. Dakle, u radnoj verziji na francuskom bilo je navedeno da \u0107e, a ne da bi trebalo da to urade – shall<\/em>, a ne should<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Zbog ovakve oma\u0161ke u tekstu i prevodu, grupa G77 zemalja u razvoju je nakon pa\u017eljivog \u010ditanja saop\u0161tila da je to crvena linija sporazuma preko koje se ne\u0107e pre\u0107i i da se mora precizno navesti obaveza i namera razvijenih da predvode globalno smanjenje emisija gasova sa efektom staklene ba\u0161te.<\/p>\n

Ispravka je u\u010dinjena, ali umalo da zbog takve jezi\u010dke nijanse ne do\u0111e do sporazuma u Parizu, koji jo\u0161 uvek predstavlja va\u017ee\u0107i krovni dokument u borbi protiv klimatskih promena<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Ta razlika u detalju i terminologiji, prema kojoj umanjenje emisija u razvijenim zemljama nije preporuka ve\u0107 preuzeta obaveza, i dalje je od klju\u010dne va\u017enosti.<\/p>\n

Na skupu COP28 usvojen je novi termin – „postepeni prelazak“, koji \u0107e odrediti klimatsku i energetsku politiku<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

U Dubaiju je usvojena terminologija koja \u0107e odrediti klimatsku i enegetsku politiku. Nakon dvonedeljnih pregovora, lobiranja i pritisaka<\/a>, jedan termin je nadvladao nad drugim: „prelazak“ sa fosilnih goriva je usvojen, dok se odluka o „postepenom odbacivanju“ prolongira za neki drugi globalni samit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zavr\u0161ni tekst na COP28 nagove\u0161tava kraj upotrebe uglja, nafte i gasa. To je va\u017ean korak, ali dokument sadr\u017ei i zabrinjavaju\u0107e formulacije.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":65125,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5909],"tags":[6852,1854,779,766,647],"class_list":["post-65098","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-klimatske-promene","tag-cop28","tag-energetska-tranzicija","tag-fosilna-goriva","tag-klimatske-promene","tag-obnovljivi-izvori-energije","country-svet"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCOP28: Fosilnim gorivima odzvonilo, ali \u0107e se i dalje koristiti<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Zavr\u0161ni tekst na COP28 nagove\u0161tava kraj upotrebe uglja, nafte i gasa. 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