{"id":61802,"date":"2023-08-24T17:49:20","date_gmt":"2023-08-24T15:49:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/?p=61802"},"modified":"2023-08-24T20:05:11","modified_gmt":"2023-08-24T18:05:11","slug":"plan-eu-za-odrzivu-mobilnost-vozovi-da-zamene-avione","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/plan-eu-za-odrzivu-mobilnost-vozovi-da-zamene-avione\/","title":{"rendered":"Plan EU za odr\u017eivu mobilnost: vozovi da zamene avione"},"content":{"rendered":"

Evropska unija se zala\u017ee za odr\u017eivija putovanja na celom kontinentu. Plan je da kroz poja\u010danje me\u0111ugradskih i prekograni\u010dnih \u017eelezni\u010dkih veza, svojom politikom transevropske transportne mre\u017ee i finansiranjem \u017eelezni\u010dke infrastrukture to i postigne. Me\u0111utim, iako je potra\u017enja za putovanjem vozom velika, putovanja avionom su i do 30 puta jeftinija. Stru\u010dnjaci pozivaju na uvo\u0111enje poreza na avionsko gorivo kerozin i ukidanje subvencija za avio saobra\u0107aj. U borbi sa klimatskim promenama, no\u0107ni vozovi se vra\u0107aju na \u0161ine.<\/h2>\n

U borbi protiv klimatskih promena, Evropska komisija \u017eeli da do 2030. godine evropskim prugama saobra\u0107a dvostruko vi\u0161e brzih vozova.\u00a0 Plan je da ih do 2050. bude tri puta vi\u0161e, kako bi se smanjile emisije CO2 u transportnom sektoru.<\/p>\n

Me\u0111utim, za dostizanje zacrtanog cilja potrebno je mnogo vi\u0161e ulaganja, ka\u017eu evropski operateri \u017eelezni\u010dkog saobra\u0107aja. Prema njihovoj proceni, infrastrukturne mere koje se trenutno planiraju nisu dovoljne da se postiglo dvostruko pove\u0107anje brzog saobra\u0107aja do 2030. godine, prenosi European Newsroom<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Tako\u0111e, problem je i u ceni karata koju putnici vozom moraju da plate.<\/p>\n

Putovanje vozom povoljno za klimu, ali ne i za d\u017eep<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ekolo\u0161ka organizacija Greenpeace je u svojoj analizi zaklju\u010dila da je putovanje vozom iako povoljnije po klimu zna\u010dajno skuplje od putovanja aviona. Putovanje vozom, emituje od 66 do 80 odsto manje CO2 u odnosu na putovanje avionom ili automobilom.<\/p>\n

Ali, pore\u0111enjem oba prevozna sredstva na 112 ruta \u0161irom Evrope u nekoliko razli\u010ditih termina, pokazalo se da je \u010dak 71 odsto karata za putovanja \u017eeleznicom bilo skuplje od onih za avionska putovanja.<\/p>\n

Najve\u0107a razlika u ceni je zabele\u017eena na relaciji Barselona-London. Vozna karta je ko\u0161tala i do 384 evra, \u0161to je 30 puta vi\u0161e nego cena avionske karte od 12,99 evra. U drugu ruku, prema prora\u010dunu\u00a0EcoPassenger<\/a> aplikacije, putovanje avionom na istoj relaciji c\u0301e emitovati oko 110 kilograma ugljen-dioksida po putniku, \u0161to je skoro duplo vi\u0161e u pore\u0111enju sa 60 kilograma CO2 ukoliko se putuje vozom.<\/p>\n

Sve vi\u0161e ljudi \u017eeli da putuje vozom<\/h3>\n

„Sve vi\u0161e ljudi \u017eeli da putuje vozom, a ne avionom, ali nedostatak poreza na kerozin i subvencije za avio industriju deformi\u0161u odnose u cenama. Ovo je sunovrat za za\u0161titu klime“, rekla je Marisa Reiserer, stru\u010dnjakinja za transport u organizaciji Greenpeace. Ona je tako\u0111e pozvala na uvo\u0111enje poreza na kerozin u celoj Evropi od 50 centi po litru.<\/p>\n

Godi\u0161nji prihod od ovog poreza bi iznosio 46,2 milijarde evra i mogao bi da se ulo\u017ei u infrastrukturu \u017eeleznice.<\/p>\n

Vozovi tro\u0161e zna\u010dajno manje energije u odnosu na sve druge vidove transporta. Da nisu samo stru\u010dnjaci svesni va\u017enosti ove teme, potvr\u0111uje i izjava izvr\u0161ne direktorke holanseke aviokompanije KLM, Marjan Rintel, koja ohrabruje ljude da putuju vozom, a ne avionom na kratke udaljenosti.<\/p>\n

Ona je u intervjuju\u00a0 za Politiko<\/a>, rekla da veruje da sektor avio-kompanija treba da prestane da gleda na \u017eeleznicu kao na konkurenta.\u00a0\u201eAko ste ozbiljni u postizanju svojih ciljeva odr\u017eivosti, voz nije konkurent. Moramo da radimo zajedno\u201c, rekao je Rintel.<\/p>\n

Vozovi za spavanje ponovo na \u0161inama<\/h3>\n

Adrien Omon, suosniva\u010d startapa Midnight Trains, ka\u017ee da je shvatio da je skoro nemoguc\u0301e putovati Evropom bez letenja. „Od ljudi se tra\u017ei da iza\u0111u iz aviona, ali im se ne nudi drugo re\u0161enje“,\u00a0 rekao je on.<\/p>\n

Ina\u010de, njegov startap sara\u0111uje sa proizvo\u0111a\u010dem noc\u0301nih vozova kako bi do 2025. pokrenuo nekada popularnu liniju Pariz\u2013Milano\u2013Venecija.<\/p>\n

Zabrinutost zbog klimatskih promena vratila je na \u0161ine vozove za spavanje. No\u0107ni vozovi ponovo postali va\u017eni u Evropi zahvaljuju\u0107i svom niskouglji\u010dnom otisku. Prema podacima Evropske mre\u017ee za promociju prekograni\u010dnih no\u0107nih vozova<\/a>, vozovi koji putuju no\u0107u emituju skoro 30 puta manje CO2 po putniku u odnosu na avione. Me\u0111utim, nakon godina zanemarivanja, njihov povratak sporo napreduje.<\/p>\n

„Upravljanje no\u0107nim vozovima je veoma te\u0161ko, slo\u017eeno i skupo“, ka\u017eu iz nema\u010dkog nezavisnog instituta Kosok.<\/p>\n

Iako postoje brojni izazovi, nacionalni \u017eelezni\u010dki operateri daju no\u0107nim vozovima jo\u0161 jednu \u0161ansu, jer klimatski problemi podsti\u010du putnike da odustaju od aviona koji sagorevaju kerozin i biraju \u010distiji na\u010dina prevoza.<\/p>\n

Austrijski \u017eelezni\u010dki operater OeBB, pionir u sektoru, ima najve\u0107u flotu no\u0107nih vozova u Evropi, koja opslu\u017euje 1,5 miliona putnika u vagonima koji uklju\u010duju i kupee sa krevetima.<\/p>\n

U \u017eelezni\u010dku infrastrukturu se nije ulagalo<\/h3>\n

Odr\u017eavanje \u017eelezni\u010dke infrastrukture je zanemareno u raznim evropskim zemljama, zbog nedovoljnog ulaganja u pro\u0161losti. Danas, nacionalne vlade, operateri \u017eelezni\u010dkog saobra\u0107aja i EU podjednako izdvajaju sredstva za pobolj\u0161anje \u017eelezni\u010dke infrastrukture. Bi\u0107e potrebno dosta vremena dok se podmla\u0111ivanje i pro\u0161irenje ne zavr\u0161i, pi\u0161e European Newsroom.<\/p>\n

Nisu svi zadovoljni zbog planova pro\u0161irenja \u017eelezni\u010dke mre\u017ee<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ka\u0161njenje vozova jedna je od naj\u010de\u0161\u0107ih zamerki putnika, pogotovu za preokograni\u010dna putovanja. \u0160vajcarska \u0107e u cilju smanjenja ka\u0161njenja na prole\u0107e uvesti nove alarme, koji \u0107e pomo\u0107i u pobolj\u0161anju energetske efikasnosti i ta\u010dnosti. Sat vremena pre polaska, sistem \u0107e izra\u010dunavati i predlagati optimalnu strategiju putovanja na osnovu vremenskih prilika i saobra\u0107ajne situacije.<\/p>\n

Sa ovim alatom ma\u0161inovo\u0111e \u0107e ta\u010dno znati koliko sekundi kasne sa rasporedom tokom putovanja, kako bi mogli da preduzmu kontramere.<\/p>\n

Ipak, nisu svi zadovoljni zbog planova pro\u0161irenja \u017eelezni\u010dke mre\u017ee. U junu se francuska policija sukobila sa hiljadama demonstranata koji su tra\u017eili da se zaustavi izgradnja nove linije brzih vozova izme\u0111u Francuske<\/a> i Italije.<\/p>\n

Uz podr\u0161ku Evropske unije, nova linija bi trebala da pove\u017ee francuski Lion i Torino u Italiji, sa tunelom od 57,5 \u200b\u200bkilometara kroz Alpe. Procenjeni tro\u0161ak je 26 milijardi evra. Pristalice ka\u017eu da \u0107e to znatno olak\u0161ati teretni drumski saobra\u0107aj, a protivnici da su rizici od ekolo\u0161ke \u0161tete ogromni i da su izvori ve\u0107 po\u010deli da presu\u0161uju zbog radova.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kako bi dekarbonizovala transportni sektor, Evropska Unija aktivno radi na pobolj\u0161anju me\u0111ugradske i prekograni\u010dne \u017eelezni\u010dke infrastrukture<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":61804,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5909,7],"tags":[509,766,1358,2661],"class_list":["post-61802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-klimatske-promene","category-mobilnost","tag-co2","tag-klimatske-promene","tag-mobilnost","tag-ugljen-dioksid","country-regioneu"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPlan EU za odr\u017eivu mobilnost: vozovi da zamene avione<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kako bi dekarbonizovala transportni sektor, 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