{"id":54450,"date":"2022-12-21T12:20:28","date_gmt":"2022-12-21T11:20:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/?p=54450"},"modified":"2026-04-22T11:38:42","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T09:38:42","slug":"izvoznici-u-eu-odahnuli-prekogranicni-porez-na-co2-ce-se-u-potpunosti-naplacivati-tek-2034-godine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/izvoznici-u-eu-odahnuli-prekogranicni-porez-na-co2-ce-se-u-potpunosti-naplacivati-tek-2034-godine\/","title":{"rendered":"Izvoznici u EU odahnuli: prekograni\u010dni porez na CO2 \u0107e se u potpunosti napla\u0107ivati tek 2034. godine"},"content":{"rendered":"

Evropski savet i Evropski parlament su se dogovorili da se broj besplatnih dozvola za ispu\u0161tanje ugljen-dioksida za industrijske potro\u0161a\u010de postepeno smanjuje do potpunog ukidanja na kraju 2033. godine. Za to vreme \u0107e se istim tempom uvoditi CBAM, prekograni\u010dni porez na ugljenik za uvoznike, da ne bi bilo protekcionizma.<\/h2>\n

Evropski parlament je saop\u0161tio da su njegovi pregovara\u010di postigli sporazum o stvaranju ambicioznijeg Sistema Evropske unije za trgovanje emisijama (EU ETS). Naime, do\u0161lo je do proboja u pregovorima sa dr\u017eavama \u010dlanicama Evropske unije, koje predstavlja Evropski savet, tako da ovaj 27-\u010dlani blok dr\u017eava uskoro treba da donese i zvani\u010dnu odluku o pro\u0161irenju pomenutog klimatskog mehanizma na „skoro sve sektore privrede“ uklju\u010duju\u0107i segmente kao \u0161to je brodski prevoz.<\/p>\n

Cilj za smanjenje emisija gasova s efektom staklene ba\u0161te do 2030. u okviru EU ETS-a pove\u0107an je sa 43 odsto na \u010dak 62 procenta sa nivoa izmerenog 2005. godine, kada je taj mehanizam uveden.<\/p>\n

Za drumski saobra\u0107aj, zgradarstvo i goriva za grejanje bi najkasnije 2027. trebalo da se uspostavi odvojeni sistem za trgovanje emisijama, a u njemu \u0107e do 2030. cene biti ograni\u010dene na najvi\u0161e 45 evra po toni ekvivalenta ugljen-dioksida. Ipak, ukoliko cene energenata budu izuzetno visoke, pokretanje dodatnog ETS-a mo\u017ee da se odlo\u017ei na 2028. godinu.<\/p>\n

Dalje, predvi\u0111eno je osnivanje Socijalnog klimatskog fonda od 86,7 milijardi evra da se ubla\u017ei finansijski udarac ovih promena na ranjiva doma\u0107instva.<\/p>\n

Uslovi za izvoznike sirovina, struje u EU ipak povoljniji nego \u0161to je bilo predlo\u017eeno<\/h3>\n

Parlamentarci i zemlje \u010dlanice spremaju olak\u0161ice i za onaj deo te\u0161ke industrije koji trenutno deo sertifikata za emisije ugljen-dioksida dobija besplatno. Takva pomo\u0107 \u0107e biti smanjivana dok na kraju 2033. ne bude potpuno ukinuta. Ina\u010de, Evropski parlament je u junu izglasao predlog da besplatne dozvole prestanu da se izdaju dve godine pre toga.<\/a><\/p>\n

Postepeno ukidanje besplatnih dozvola za emisije traja\u0107e dve godine du\u017ee nego \u0161to je Evropski parlament prvobitno predlo\u017eio, a pritom \u0107e se uvo\u0111enje CBAM-a odvijati istovremeno i istim tempom<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Predvi\u0111eno je da Prekograni\u010dni mehanizam za prilago\u0111avanje ugljenika<\/a> (CBAM), zapravo porez ili carina na uvozne sirovine, neke industrijske proizvode i elektri\u010dnu energiju,<\/a> bude u potpunosti uveden 2034. godine. EU je pro\u0161le nedelje odlu\u010dila da taj sistem pokrene slede\u0107eg oktobra, ali uz prelazni period. Dok je takav re\u017eim na snazi, trgovinski partneri iz zemalja kao \u0161to su one na Zapadnom Balkanu i Turska samo \u0107e obra\u010dunavati emisije i izve\u0161tavati o njima, bez pla\u0107anja.<\/p>\n

U sporazumu stoji da \u0107e EU naplatu uvoznicima u okviru CBAM-a uvesti 2026. tako \u0161to \u0107e se tarife postepeno pove\u0107avati do propisanog nivoa sve do kraja 2033, i to istom brzinom kojom \u0107e smanjivati broj besplatnih dozvola u okviru ETS-a.<\/p>\n

Po prvobitnom predlogu Evropskog parlamenta, prekograni\u010dni porez na CO2 je trebalo da bude u potpunosti na snazi ve\u0107 2030, a besplatni sertifikati za emisije ugljenika bi bili sasvim eliminisani tek dve godine posle toga. Takvo re\u0161enje bi moglo veoma da na\u0161kodi stranim kompanijama koje se oslanjaju na izvoz u EU. Ova dva mehanizma su sada harmonizovana da bi bili ispo\u0161tovani propisi Svetske trgovinske organizacije o konkurenciji, isti\u010du u Evropskom savetu.<\/p>\n

Ugljeni\u010dno intenzivna industrija \u0107e ostati bez dodatne za\u0161tite koju joj je EU obezbedila preko besplatnih dozvola za CO2, ali i dalje mo\u017ee da koristi ogromne grantove za dekarbonizaciju<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

S druge strane, industrija \u0107e se okoristiti od pove\u0107anja bespovratnih sredstava odlu\u010denom na nivou EU, a usmeravaju se kroz Inovacioni fond i Modernizacioni fond.<\/p>\n

Takozvane tre\u0107e zemlje zapravo mogu skroz da izbegnu CBAM uvo\u0111enjem vlastitih sistema za trgovanje emisijama koji bi bili ekvivalentni ETS-u, pa bi tako zadr\u017eale prihod, a on je isklju\u010divo namenjen podsticanju dekarbonizacije.<\/p>\n

Oprezno pripremanje za uvr\u0161tavanje spaljivanja komunalnog otpada u ETS<\/h3>\n

Evropska komisija ima zadatak da do kraja 2026. prou\u010di mogu\u0107nost uvo\u0111enja sektora spaljivanja komunalnog otpada u ETS, a zasad se ra\u010duna da bi to moglo da se izvede najranije 2028, s tim \u0161to bi postojala i varijanta odlaganja do 2030,<\/a> kako ka\u017eu u Evropskom parlamentu, odnosno 2031,<\/a> kako je saop\u0161tio Evropski savet.<\/p>\n

CBAM obuhvata cement, aluminijum, \u0111ubrivo, elektri\u010dnu energiju, vodonik, gvo\u017e\u0111e i \u010delik i odre\u0111en broj proizvoda. Njegova glavna svrha je da spre\u010di takozvano curenje ili propu\u0161tanje ugljenika (carbon leakage)<\/em> \u2013 preseljavanje industrijske proizvodnje u zemlje s manje strogim klimatskim propisima.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Evropski savet i Evropski parlament su se dogovorili da \u0107e istim tempom biti ukidane besplatne dozvole za emisije i uvo\u0111en CBAM<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":54453,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[504,5909,5],"tags":[6153,3279,669,4220,6369,4079,766,1924,679,5343,5908,3304,6348,6621,1109,5341],"class_list":["post-54450","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-elektricna-energija","category-klimatske-promene","category-otpad","tag-cbam","tag-dekarbonizacija","tag-elektricna-energija","tag-emisije-gasova-sa-efektom-staklene-baste","tag-energetski-tretman-otpada","tag-energija-iz-otpada","tag-klimatske-promene","tag-komunalni-otpad","tag-otpad","tag-porez-na-co2","tag-prekogranicna-taksa-na-co2","tag-sistem-za-trgovanje-emisijama-eu","tag-sistem-za-trgovinu-emisijama-eu","tag-spaljivanje-otpada","tag-subvencije","tag-taksa-na-co2","country-regioneu"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIzvoznici 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