{"id":50683,"date":"2022-08-11T16:58:44","date_gmt":"2022-08-11T14:58:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/?p=50683"},"modified":"2022-09-23T09:48:03","modified_gmt":"2022-09-23T07:48:03","slug":"za-sest-decenija-smanjila-se-povrsina-suma-po-glavi-stanovnika-smanjene-za-60-procenata","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/balkangreenenergynews.com\/rs\/za-sest-decenija-smanjila-se-povrsina-suma-po-glavi-stanovnika-smanjene-za-60-procenata\/","title":{"rendered":"Za \u0161est decenija smanjila se povr\u0161ina \u0161uma po glavi stanovnika za 60 procenata"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tokom proteklih 60 godina, u svetu je nestalo 80 miliona hektara \u0161ume \u0161to je povr\u0161ina deset puta ve\u0107a od povr\u0161ine Srbije. U regiji jugoisto\u010dne Evrope, Crna Gora uz Sloveniju ima i najve\u0107u po\u0161umljenost teritorije i sa oko dve tre\u0107ine pod \u0161umama u samom je evropskom vrhu. Ipak, svetski prosek po\u0161umljenosti po glavi stanovnika konstantno opada i postao je upola manji u poslednjih pola veka.<\/h2>\n

Gubitak \u0161uma direktno uti\u010de na \u017eivote 1,6 milijardi ljudi \u0161irom planete, nalazi su studije<\/a> koju je objavio tim istra\u017eiva\u010da sa Instituta za istra\u017eivanje \u0161umarstva i \u0161umskih proizvoda iz Japana u nau\u010dnom \u010dasopisu Environmental Research Letters.<\/p>\n

\"Posumljenost
Po\u0161umljenost po glavi stanovnika u jugoisto\u010dnoj Evropi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ukupan gubitak \u0161uma u periodu od 1960. do 2019. godine iznosi 437,3 miliona hektara, dok povr\u0161ine pod novim \u0161umama iznose 355,6 miliona hektara.<\/p>\n

Gubitak \u0161uma u poslednji \u0161est decenija doprineo je padu svetskog proseka po\u0161umljenosti po glavi stanovnika za 60 procenata<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ova razlika i pad po\u0161umljenosti u kombinaciji sa pove\u0107anjem globalne populacije tokom proteklih \u0161est decenija rezultirali su smanjenjem svetskog proseka po\u0161umljenosti po glavi stanovnika za 60 procenata.<\/p>\n

Globalni prosek po\u0161umljenosti po \u010doveku iznosio je 1,4 hektara 1960. godine, a danas iznosi 0,5 hektara.<\/p>\n

Autori isti\u010du da ovakav konstantni gubitak i degradacija \u0161uma direktno uti\u010de na opstanak i odr\u017eanje biodiverziteta u \u0161umskim ekosistemima.<\/p>\n

Po\u0161umljenost na Balkanu<\/h3>\n

U regionu jugoisto\u010dne Evrope, najve\u0107i procenat \u0161uma po glavi stanovnika ima ubedljivo Crna Gora, 1,3 hektara \u0161uma po osobi, \u0161to je duplo vi\u0161e od Slovenije i Bosne i Hercegovine. Srbija sa 0,3 hektara \u0161uma po osobi je ispod globalnog porseka, koji iznosi pola hektara.<\/p>\n

Najve\u0107i procenat po\u0161umljenosti u regionu imaju Crna Gora i Slovenija. Dve tre\u0107ine teritorije ovih dr\u017eava je pod \u0161umama, \u0161to ih svrstava u sam evropski vrh.<\/p>\n

\"Povr\u0161ine
Povr\u0161ine pod \u0161umama u zemljama jugoisto\u010dne Evrope<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

U Evropi, najvi\u0161e \u0161uma ima \u0160vedska, preko 28 miliona hektara, zatim Finska oko 22, \u0160panija koja ima 18 miliona hektara, a ne\u0161to manje ima Francuska.<\/p>\n

Najvi\u0161e \u0161uma na svetu ima Rusija, oko 815 miliona hektara, Brazil ima 490, a Kanada 346 miliona hektara pod \u0161umama.<\/p>\n

Veliki deo globalne populacije zavisi od \u0161umskog ekosistema<\/h3>\n

Od bogatstva \u0161uma zavisi uglavnom populacija u zemljama u razvoju, navode autori pomenute studije. Najmanje 1,6 milijardi ljudi \u0161irom planete svakodnevno se oslanja na ekosisteme \u0161uma.<\/p>\n

\"Procenat
Procenat po\u0161umljenosti u jugoisto\u010dnoj Evropi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ali rezultati istra\u017eivanja pokazuju i globalnu nesrazmeru. Gubici \u0161uma se javljaju prvenstveno u zemljama sa ni\u017eim dohotkom u tropskim krajevima, dok o\u010duvanje \u0161uma donekle dolazi u sredi\u0161te pa\u017enje u razvijenijim zemljama.<\/p>\n

Gubici \u0161uma se javljaju prvenstveno u zemljama sa ni\u017eim dohotkom u tropskim krajevima<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ali treba naglasiti i da su najbolji upravlja\u010di \u0161umama upravo starosedela\u010dke zajednice koje su uskladile svoje vekovne prakse u ravnote\u017eu sa takvim ekosistemom<\/a>, \u0161to su pokazala i nau\u010dna istra\u017eivanja.<\/p>\n

Me\u0111utim, ubrzana potro\u0161nja i industrijska poljoprivreda su devastiraju\u0107a za \u0161umske ekosisteme \u0161irom planete. Dovoljno je pomenuti kr\u010denje pra\u0161ume u Amazonu ili na Borneu, zbog industrijskih \u017eitarica, ili industrije palminog ulja.<\/p>\n

\u0160ume donose ki\u0161u, i obrnuto<\/h3>\n

Nauka je tako\u0111e dokazala<\/a> \u0161iroko rasprostranjeno mi\u0161ljenje da drve\u0107e stvara ki\u0161u. Gde raste vi\u0161e vegetacije, imamo vi\u0161e ki\u0161e. U proseku, vi\u0161e od 40 procenata padavina na kopnu poti\u010de od isparavanja i transpiracije vode iz biljaka.<\/p>\n

Ukoliko nema \u0161uma i vegetacije, ki\u0161na sezona dolazi kasnije, a su\u0161ni periodi traju sve du\u017ee<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u0160ume poput Amazonske pra\u0161ume ne rastu nu\u017eno samo u vla\u017enim podru\u010djima. One stvaraju i odr\u017eavaju uslove u kojima se razvijaju, tako \u0161to pove\u0107avaju koli\u010dine padavina i smanjuju trajanje su\u0161ne sezone. Jednostavno, ukoliko nema \u0161uma i vegetacije, ki\u0161na sezona dolazi kasnije, a su\u0161ni periodi traju sve du\u017ee.<\/p>\n

Zaustaviti dalju degradaciju \u0161uma<\/h3>\n

Stanje svetskih \u0161uma je sastavni deo razli\u010ditih globalnih ekolo\u0161kih i dru\u0161tvenih inicijativa<\/a>, uklju\u010duju\u0107i ciljeve odr\u017eivog razvoja, Pariski klimatski sporazum i Globalni okvir za biodiverzitet posle 2020, napominju nau\u010dnici.<\/p>\n

Kako bi se doprinelo u postizanju ciljeva ovih inicijativa, postoji duboka potreba da se preokrene ili barem izravna globalna krivulja gubitka \u0161uma, tako \u0161to \u0107e se o\u010duvati preostale svetske \u0161ume, a tako\u0111e i obnoviti degradirani \u0161umskih pejza\u017ei, poru\u010dili su autori studije.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tokom proteklih 60 godina, u svetu je nestalo 80 miliona hektara \u0161ume \u0161to je povr\u0161ina…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":50970,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5253,4],"tags":[5171,6479,6480,6476,6481,5921],"class_list":["post-50683","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biodiverzitet","category-zivotna-sredina","tag-posumljavanje","tag-posumljenost-na-balkanu","tag-procenat-posumljenosti","tag-suma","tag-sumski-ekosistem","tag-zivotna-sredina","country-svet"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nZa \u0161est decenija smanjila se povr\u0161ina \u0161uma po glavi stanovnika za 60 procenata<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tokom proteklih 60 godina, u svetu je nestalo 80 miliona hektara \u0161ume. 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